@article {Alcaraz2011a, title = {Secure SCADA Framework for the Protection of Energy Control Systems}, journal = {Concurrency and Computation Practice \& Experience}, volume = {23}, number = {12}, year = {2011}, month = {Aug 2011}, pages = {1414-1430}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, abstract = {

Energy distribution systems are becoming increasingly widespread in today{\textquoteright}s society.\ One of the elements that is used to monitor and control these systems are the SCADA\ (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. In particular, these control systems\ and their complexities, together with the emerging use of the Internet and wireless\ technologies, bring new challenges that must be carefully considered. Examples of such\ challenges are the particular bene{\textasciimacron}ts of the integration of those new technologies, and\ also the e{\textregistered}ects they may have on the overall SCADA security. The main task of this\ paper is to provide a framework that shows how the integration of di{\textregistered}erent state-of-the-art technologies in an energy control system, such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs),\ Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs), and the Internet, can bring some interesting\ benefits such as status management and anomaly prevention, while maintaining the\ security of the whole system.

}, keywords = {Energy Distribution and Control Systems, SCADA Systems, Sensor Networks}, isbn = {23(12)1311-1464 (2011)}, issn = {1532-0626}, doi = {10.1002/cpe.1679}, author = {Cristina Alcaraz and Javier Lopez and Jianying Zhou and Rodrigo Roman} } @article {Roman2007, title = {A Survey of Cryptographic Primitives and Implementations for Hardware-Constrained Sensor Network Nodes}, journal = {Mobile Networks and Applications}, volume = {12}, number = {4}, year = {2007}, month = {August}, pages = {231-244}, publisher = {Springer}, abstract = {

In a wireless sensor network environment, a sensor node is extremely constrained in terms of hardware due to factors such as maximizing lifetime and minimizing physical size and overall cost. Nevertheless, these nodes must be able to run cryptographic operations based on primitives such as hash functions, symmetric encryption and public key cryptography in order to allow the creation of secure services. Our objective in this paper is to survey how the existing research-based and commercial-based sensor nodes are suitable for this purpose, analyzing how the hardware can influence the provision of the primitives and how software implementations tackles the task of implementing instances of those primitives. As a result, it will be possible to evaluate the influence of provision of security in the protocols and applications/scenarios where sensors can be used.

}, keywords = {Cryptography, Hardware, Sensor Networks}, issn = {1383-469X}, doi = {10.1007/s11036-007-0024-2}, url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/3785k818327456gq/}, author = {Rodrigo Roman and Cristina Alcaraz and Javier Lopez} } @inproceedings {Alcaraz2006, title = {Applying Key Infrastructures for Sensor Networks in {CIP/CIIP} Scenarios}, booktitle = {1st International Workshop on Critical Information Infrastructures Security (CRITIS{\textquoteright}06)}, series = {LNCS}, volume = {4347}, year = {2006}, pages = {166-178}, publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg}, organization = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg}, abstract = {

It is commonly agreed that Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is one of the technologies that better fulfills features like the ones required by Critical (Information) Infrastructures. However, a sensor network is highly vulnerable against any external or internal attacks, thus network designers must know which are the tools that they can use in order to avoid such problems. In this paper we describe in detail a procedure (the KMS Guidelines), developed under our CRISIS project, that allows network designers to choose a certain Key Management System, or at least to know which protocol need to improve in order to satisfy the network requirements.

}, keywords = {Critical Information Infrastructures, Key Infrastructures, Key Management, Sensor Networks}, issn = {0302-9743 (Print) 1611-3349 (Online)}, doi = {10.1007/11962977_14}, url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/2458827107n14870/}, author = {Cristina Alcaraz and Rodrigo Roman} }